Principles of cellular biology, heredity, ecology, biological diversity, and evolution, with emphasis on their relationships to human affairs. Not open for credit to students who have completed BIO 115, BIO 151 or BOT 121. 3 lectures, 1 activity.

Animal diversity and ecology in aquatic and terrestrial communities, including structural and functional adaptations of animals to their environment. Identification of common invertebrate and vertebrate animals. Field experience in local ecosystems. Saturday field trips. 2 lectures, 2 laboratories.

Plant diversity and ecology in aquatic and terrestrial plant communities, including adaptations of plants to their environment, structures and functions of plants. Identification of common, local native plants and plant communities, uses of native plants by Native Americans, and human impacts on native plants and plant communities. Saturday field trips. 2 lectures, 2 laboratories. 

Survey of the structure and function of animal cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems, with examples drawn from vertebrates and invertebrates; emphasis on vertebrates, especially the human. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Not open to students who have completed BIO 153.

Fundamental principles of biology with emphasis on the physical and chemical basis of life; cytology; bioenergetics; storage; processing and expression of genetic information; ecology; evolution. 3 lectures, 2 laboratories. Recommended prerequisite: Concurrent or previous enrollment in college chemistry course.

Structure, ecology, reproduction, and evolution of fungi, cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. 3 lectures, 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: BIO 151.

Survey of the protist and animal kingdoms; fundamentals of animal form and function. 3 lectures, 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: BIO 151.

Introduction to survey and analysis methods used in locating and assessing biological resources. Map reading, compass and level surveys, map construction, descriptive statistics, and animal, plant, and social surveys. 2 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: MATH 120.

Physiological principles with integration of principles of adaptation of life processes among living organisms. Not open for credit to students who have completed ZOO 131. 4 lectures. Prerequisite: Completion or simultaneous enrollment in college level chemistry.

Historical development of the wildlife conservation movement and philosophies. Analysis of management practices applied to game and non-game wildlife. Current problems involving people-wildlife interactions with special reference to endangered wildlife and land-use practices. 4 lectures.

Recognition of important wildlife resources and presentation of life histories. Emphasis towards those forms that have been historically managed as game species and those currently considered endangered. Investigation of habitats common to various wildlife. 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: Concurrent or previous enrollment in BIO 227.

Participation in hospital activities and mental health services. Intended for medically oriented students. Total credit limited to 6 units with a maximum of 1 unit per quarter. Credit/No Credit grading only. 1 activity. Prerequisite: Instructor's consent and one quarter of college chemistry and BIO 115 or BIO 153.

Molecular, cellular and immunological aspects of cancer. Types of cancer and modes of treatment. Environmental, psychological and sociological implications. Cancer research. Not for Biology credit for Biological Sciences majors. 2 lectures.

Introduction to natural processes regulating renewable and non-renewable physical, chemical, and biological resources. Human population ecology and the influence and interactions of human populations on/with physical, chemical, and non-human biological resources. Principles of management, environmental science, and conservation biology that lead to equilibrium or self-sustaining conditions. 4 lectures. Prerequisite: One course in college biology.

Basic principles of human inheritance. Transmission of genetic traits, chromosomal anomalies of humans, gene action, mutations and mutagenic agents, eugenics, and principles of genetic counseling. Not for Biology credit for Biological Sciences majors. 3 lectures. Prerequisite: One course in college biology (preferably BIO 111 or BIO 115 or BIO 151).

Principles of heredity and variation. 3 lectures. Prerequisite: One quarter of college biology and one quarter of college mathematics. Recommended: College level course in statistics.

Applications of basic biological concepts with special reference to how these concepts can be presented and developed in elementary schools. Emphasis is on hands-on activities, problem solving and computer assisted instruction modules in biology. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 111 or equivalent.

Review of production and characteristics of non-ionizing and ionizing radiation; interaction and effect of radiation on living cells, tissues, organs, and organisms; introduction to use of radioisotopes; radiation protection and dosimetry; impact of nuclear energy on the biological world. 3 lectures. Prerequisite: CHEM 111 or CHEM 128 and one of the following: BIO 111, BIO 115, BIO 151, BOT 121.

Introduction to principles and theory of scanning and transmission electron microscopy including instruments utilized in study of biological and nonbiological specimens. 1 lecture, 1 activity. Prerequisite: BIO 115 or BIO 151, BOT 121 or consent of instructor.

Techniques of using the scanning electron microscope including preparing, examining and interpreting biological and nonbiological materials. 1 laboratory. Concurrent or previous enrollment in BIO 322.

Applications of transmission electron microscopy including in-depth training in specimen preparation and use of the microscope. Design of experiments and interpretation of results will be included in laboratory. 2 laboratories. Concurrent or previous enrollment in BIO 322.

Interactions between living organisms and their environment in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 152 and BIO 153.

Methods for gathering information for management of wildlife. Use of the literature, inventory of plants and animal populations, use of maps, sexing and aging, trapping, handling, and marking techniques, physiological indices, and radio telemetry. 3 lectures, 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: BIO 227 and BIO 228.

Introduction to the functional biology of marine plants and animals and the processes that underlie their distribution and abundance in open oceans, coastal regions, estuaries, and wetlands. 3 lectures, 2 laboratories. Several field trips. Prerequisite: BIO 152 and BIO 153.

Biological, physical, and chemical dynamics of aquatic systems surrounded by land. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 325. Recommended: One college level course in chemistry.

Applications of computers and data processing technology to the understanding and solving of specific problems in biology. 2 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: One college level course in biological science and one course in computer science.

Introduction to transmission genetics and to the structure, function and regulation of proteins and nucleic acids. 5 lectures. Prerequisite: BIO 151, BIO 152, BIO 153, and CHEM 212 or CHEM 217. Biochemistry is recommended.

Techniques used in molecular biology and biotechnology, plasmid DNA extraction, agarose gel electrophoresis, restriction endonuclease mapping, transduction, transforma-tion, and gene cloning. 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: MCRO 221 or MCRO 224, and BIO 351 or CHEM 373.

Individual investigation, research, studies, or surveys of selected problems. Total credit limited to 4 units, with a maximum of 2 units per quarter. Prerequisite: Consent of department chair.

Scientific evaluation of the theories, mechanisms, and evidences concerning biological evolution. 3 lectures, 1 activity. Prerequisite: BIO 303 or BIO 351.

Plant and animal distribution patterns in relation to past and present physical and biotic factors; survey of major biomes with major emphasis on North and South America. 4 lectures. Prerequisite: BIO 325.

Introduction to quantitative methods used in ecology with an emphasis on the design and analysis of field studies. Population estimates, sampling design and analysis, and the determination of community structure. 3 lectures, 1 activity. Prerequisite: STAT 218 or equivalent. and one course in upper division ecology (BIO 325, BOT 326, or BIO 334 recommended). STAT 313 recommended.

Objectives, content, techniques, material, and recent trends of successful instruction in secondary school biology. 3 lectures. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

Important habitats, such as riparian, wetlands, etc. and habitat features important to wildlife, such as vegetation types and snags. Basic concepts of wildlife management. Emphasis on planning and designing habitats to meet the needs of wildlife. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 325.

Physiological processes in cells and organisms, including membrane phenomena, metabolism, enzyme kinetics, and cellular events associated with excitable cells and tissues. Current theories of biochemical, cellular, and organ system control mechanisms. Classical and current experimental techniques. 2 lectures, 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: BIO 152 or BIO 153, and CHEM 212. Recommended: STAT 218.

Physiological mechanisms associated with several of the organ systems of vertebrates, including respiration and metabolism, circulation, digestion, water/ion regulation, and excretion. Various functional aspects, including cellular mechanisms, and how the mechanisms are integrated into the organism as a whole. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 431.

Introduction to the endocrine and reproductive systems of vertebrate animals. Topics include classical actions of hormones, mechanisms of hormone action, relationship between nervous and endocrine systems, assays of hormones, and selected clinical aspects of endocrinology. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 431.

Comparative physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of oxygen uptake, water and ion balance, and temperature regulation in animals. Emphasis is placed on physiological adaptations which maintain or restore homeostasis in animals which are subjected to environmental changes. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 153, CHEM 212. Recommended: BIO 325 and BIO 431.

Consideration of the principal physiological and biochemical processes of plants with emphasis on water relations, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis, and the physiology of plant development. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BOT 121 or BIO 152, CHEM 212.

Biology of historical, current and potential marine resources including both technical means used to harvest and biological factors important in achieving a sustainable yield. Identification, life histories, ecology, culture and economics of pertinent organisms. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 152, BIO 153.

Propagation and rearing of fishes, invertebrates and algae from marine, freshwater and estuarine habitats. Current methodologies and general life histories. Global perspective including aquacultural development in developed and developing countries. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 153, ZOO 322, ZOO 336 or consent of instructor.

Design of biological experiments with emphasis on sampling methods, data collection, mensuration, and analysis of field and laboratory data. 3 lectures, 1 recitation. Prerequisite: One year of biology, STAT 218 or STAT 321 and completion of computer literacy requirement.

Growth, fluctuations, balance, and natural mechanisms controlling terrestrial wildlife populations. 3 lectures. Prerequisite: BIO 325 or one course in ecology.

Assisting the instructor in teaching and supervising undergraduate laboratories in the Biological Sciences Department. Total credit limited to 8 units, with a maximum of 4 units per quarter. Credit/No Credit grading only. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and department chair.

Introduction to cell structure and function, energy conversions, protein sorting, signaling, cytoskeleton, cell adhesion and the cell cycle. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 351 or CHEM 373 and CHEM 212 or CHEM 217. Recommended: Course in biochemistry.

Techniques used in biotechnology, including plant and animal cell culture, prokaryotic and eukaryotic transformation, restriction digests, cloning, expression vectors, genomic and plasmid DNA extraction. Southern blots, and PCR. 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: BIO 351.

Projects are selected from typical problems which graduates may meet in areas of their future employment. Results are presented in written reports. Minimum 150 hours total time.

Intensive approach designed to improve communication skills in biology. A combination of writing assignments and oral presentations to target a range of audiences and scientific sub-disciplines. 2 lectures, 2 activities. Prerequisite: ENGL 215/218 or completion of GE Area A, junior standing in biology and consent of instructor.

Directed group study of selected topics for advanced students. Open to undergraduate and graduate students. Class Schedule will list topic selected. Total credit limited to 8 units. 1 to 4 lectures. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

Directed group laboratory study of selected topics for advanced students. Open to undergraduate and graduate students. Class Schedule will list topics selected. Total credit limited to 4 units. 1 to 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

Introduction to the principles and methods of tissue culture with emphasis on the manipulation and study of animal cells. 2 lectures, 2 laboratories. Prerequisite: MCRO 221 or MCRO 224, BIO 303 or BIO 351 and CHEM 313 or CHEM 371.

Part-time work experience in business, industry, government, and other areas of student career interest. Positions are paid and usually require relocation and registration in course for two consecutive quarters. Formal report and evaluation by work supervisor required. Total credit limited to 16 units. Credit/No Credit grading only. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and consent of instructor.

Full-time work experience in business, industry, government, and other areas of student career interest. Positions are paid and usually require relocation and registration in course for two consecutive quarters. Formal report and evaluation by work supervisor required. Total credit limited to 16 units. Credit/No Credit grading only. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and consent of instructor.

Advanced study planned and completed with the approval of and under the direction of a member of the department faculty. A written scholarly presentation of the results of each BIO 500 project must be included in the graduate student's departmental file. Not open for credit to students in the thesis program. Total credit limited to 4 units. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of instructor.

Consideration of recent studies on energetics, synthesis, regulation, genetics, transport, movements, reproduction, and differentiation of cells. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Genes and proteins that regulate the development and evolution of animals and plants. Role of homeotic and nonhomeotic genes. Importance of signal transduction pathways and regulation of the cell cycle. Role of oncogenes and mutant tumor suppressor genes in the development of cancer. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor; BIO 501, BIO 351, or CHEM 373.

Considerations of theory and practice in population ecology, evolutionary biology and biosystematics. 3 lectures, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Analysis of historical attempts to solve biological problems. 3 seminars. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Consideration of developmental phenomena and principles with an emphasis on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Focus on animals, both vertebrate and invertebrate. Topics include fertilization, gastrulation, axis determination, cell differentiation and organ formation. 3 lectures, 1 activity. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and/or consent of instructor; BIO 501 and BIO 502 recommended.

Directed group study and lectures on selected topics in ecology. Emphasis on an in-depth study of a restricted topic. 3 seminars. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Design of biological experiments involving multivariate observations. Experimental design, sampling, computer analysis, and interpretation of results. 3 seminars, 1 laboratory. Prerequisite: STAT 313.

Directed group study of selected topics for graduate students. Class Schedule will list topics for selection. Total credit limited to 9 units. 1 to 3 seminars. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Part-time teaching assignment in an undergraduate college classroom. Includes teaching and related activities under the supervision of a professor in Biological Science. Total credit limited to 8 units. Credit/No Credit grading only. 4 activities. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and evidence of satisfactory preparation in biology. Department chair and graduate coordinator's approval required.

Advanced study, analysis and part-time work experience in student's career field; current innovations, practices, and problems in administration, supervision, and organization of business, industry, and government. Must have demonstrated ability to do independent work and research in career field. Total credit limited to 9 units. Credit/No Credit grading only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of instructor.

Problems and topics in advanced biology selected according to the interest and needs of the students enrolled. Total credit limited to 5 units. 1 two-hour seminar. Prerequisite: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.

Advanced study, analysis and full-time work experience in student's career field; current innovations, practices, and problems in administration, supervision, and organization of business, industry, and government. Must have demonstrated ability to do independent work and research in career field. Total credit limited to 9 units. Credit/No Credit grading only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of instructor.

Individual research under the general supervision of the faculty, leading to a graduate thesis of suitable quality. Total credit limited to 9 units. Prerequisite: Graduate standing, consent of instructor, and consent of thesis committee.